Egyptian urban inflation soars, adds to risk of social unrest

Tuesday 10-12-2013 01:34 PM
Egyptian urban inflation soars, adds to risk of social unrest

A man walks past a currency exchange office in Cairo - Reuters/Mohamed AbdelGhany

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CAIRO, Dec 10 (Reuters) - Egyptian urban consumer inflation soared in November to its highest annual rate in nearly four years, increasing the risk of social unrest and potentially serving up a policy dilemma for the central bank.

Crippled by political turmoil since a popular uprising toppled autocrat Hosni Mubarak in 2011,Egypt's economy expanded just 2.1 percent in the year to June 30.

The central bank has cut interest rates three times by a total of 150 basis points since the army deposed Islamist President Mohamed Mursi in July, most recently - and unexpectedly - by 50 basis points at a meeting last week.

The bank said then it was more concerned about boosting growth than taming inflation.

But urban consumer prices rose 13 percent in November year on year, state statistics agency CAPMAS said on Tuesday, their highest rate of increase since January 2010 and well up on October's 10.4 percent.

Food costs, some of which are already heavily subsidised by the government, were a major factor in the increase.

"At the moment, the central bank is stuck, because it's trying to cut the yield on government debt and at the same time help stimulate the economy and keep inflation in check," said Angus Blair, chairman of business and economic forecasting think-tank Signet.

"You've got an economic dilemma which they have to try and tackle."

Spokespeople at the central bank could not immediately be reached for comment on the data, which also showed monthly inflation at 0.9 percent.

But in a statement accompanying Thursday's rate cut decision it had acknowledged the possibility of higher inflation.

"While upside risks to the inflation outlook continue to moderate as the possibility of a rebound in international food prices is unlikely in light of recent global developments, annual inflation could increase above ...current levels in November and December," it said.

RISING FOOD PRICES

The price index for urban food and non-alcoholic beverages rose by almost 20 percent while that for hotels, cafes and restaurants gained more than 22 percent, CAPMAS data showed.

"Clearly in a period where there is a restive population people expect a better standard of living and it's likely that there will be social repercussions if inflation continues to run at these levels," said Blair.

More than 26 percent of Egyptians live below the poverty line, according to the latest CAPMAS data, and the government is hooked on a subsidy regime under which it spends a fifth of its budget keeping energy and some food prices, including bread, well below market cost.

It has also launched a 29.6 billion Egyptian pound ($4.3 billion) stimulus package, aided by over $12 billion in aid pledged by Arab Gulf countries, since the army ousted Islamist President Mohamed Mursi in July following mass protests against his rule.

Egypt's Investment Minister Osama Saleh said the government plans to launch a second 24 billion pound package in January.

The budget reached a deficit of around 14 percent of GDP in the year to June 30, though Thursday's rate cut promises to ease pressure on government finances, with debt yields having fallen at two auctions since then.

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